Tuesday, December 24, 2019

A review of Roediger and McDermott (1995) Study of False...

A review of Roediger and McDermott (1995) The study of creation of false memories has been a topic of interest since the 1930s when Bartlett (1932) conducted the first experiment on the topic. Though the results of this experiment were never replicated, they contributed greatly to research by distinguishing between reproductive and reconstructive memory (Bartlett 1932 as cited in Roediger McDermott, 1995). Reproductive memory refers to accurate production of material from memory and is assumed to be associated with remembering simplified materials (e.g., lists). Reconstructive memory emphasizes the active process of filling in missing elements while remembering and is associated with materials rich in meaning (e.g., stories). Research prior to Deese’s 1959 study saw few account s of false recognition from a list. This created the idea that more coherent materials were needed to create false memories. Deese was interested in determining why some lists gave rise to false recognition when others didn’t. His general conclusion was that lists where the associations went in both backward and forward directions tended to elicit false recall (Deese 1959 as cited in Roediger McDermott, 1995). Deese’s study that used a single trial, free recall paradigm which Roediger and McDermott used to try and replicate his results, which found that people were often accurate in remembering lists after one trial. Roediger and McDermott (1995) examined the false recall and false recognition ofShow MoreRelatedThe Effects Of False Memory On Word Association1255 Words   |  6 Pages False Memory Cammie Wires George Mason University False Memory Introduction Multiple studies have been conducted that investigate false memory in humans focusing on word recall, processing and retention interval, and auditory imaging. Roediger and McDermott (1995) suggest that individuals who participated in their study are more likely to recall the critical words and lures if the list of words presented were closely associated to them. Critical lures are the tendency to recall wordsRead MoreProject M2 : False Memory1635 Words   |  7 Pages Project M2: False Memory Literature review. This project is based on false memory and asks the question, â€Å"Will words that are presented visually evoke false recall of an associated word more than if words are presented aurally?† False memory has been defined as, â€Å"A mental experience that is mistakenly taken to be a veridical representation of an event from one’s personal past. Memories can be false in relatively minor ways, believing one last saw the keys in the kitchen when they were in the livingRead MoreCognitive Psychology False Memory Essay2269 Words   |  10 PagesRunning head: False Memory Theoretical and Applied/Practical Perspective of False Memory The human memory is subject to a multitude of errors, including source misattributions, distortion and creation of false memories. In order to do justice to this paper one must first determine what is â€Å"False memory†? False memory is memory for an event that did not occur or distorted memory of actual events (Gleaves, Smith, Butler, Spiegel, 2004). This type of memory has been an area ofRead MoreFalse Memories Of Sexual Abuse2089 Words   |  9 PagesFalse memory is a term for the event of an individual remembering information or events they were not exposed to. Jerwen and Flores (2013) defined it as the creation of a memory about an event that an individual did not experience. They point out, â€Å"although not being able to remember something is a memory problem, ‘remembering’ something that did not happen can be as serious a problem.† The seriousness of this problem is exemplified in the cases of individuals creating false memories of sexual abuseRead MoreEssay on Does schema affect our memory?1326 Words   |  6 Pagesabilities are innate and that includes memory. Memory is tightly connected with learning, which then can be influenced the individuals behavior in the future. In terms of cognition, the psychologist focuses on the way we process information. The information is brought and understand into the mind in various of ways and is then manipulated by placing into a sensory, short term or long term storage and is recalling and retrieved when necessary. Even so, retrieving memory was no longer the process of pickingRead MoreThe reliability of eyewitness testimony has become a popular research topic in applied and social1200 Words   |  5 Pagesapplied and social psychology since Loftus and Palmer’s study in 1974 (see Steblay, 1997; Wright Loftus, 1998; Deffenbacher, Bornstein, Penrod, McGorty, for reviews). Participants viewed videos or slides of traffic accidents (Loftus Palmer, 1974) or a criminal act (Roediger, Jacoby, McDermott, 1996; Cutler, Penrod, Martens, 1987) and afterwards were asked several questions about what they had just seen. The manipulation in studies was that the researchers did not ask the same question to

Monday, December 16, 2019

Can One Be Non-Religious but Still Believe in God Free Essays

Can one be non-religious but still believe in God? â€Å"My grandfather believed that the greatest religion of all was to ensure that we wipe the tears from every eye and bring hope and decency to every life. If performed with utmost humility, he said, this service would grant us the magnanimity to recognize and accept the many ways we are called to see God in humanity. † –Sankara Saranam (Saranam, 2005) One can still believe in God without associating with religion. We will write a custom essay sample on Can One Be Non-Religious but Still Believe in God or any similar topic only for you Order Now This is possible when people believe in searching for God through themselves, by choosing to distance themselves from religion because they do not want to be bound by religious ideals, and by staying away from religion due to one’s belief that the name of religion is misused in today’s time with the name of God. People often believe in God by searching for the divine power through their inner selves. God exists within every human heart in the form of the love, compassion, understanding, and other positive traits that the human kind is capable of, yet they choose to suppress (Saranam, 2005). Often, one does not realize that regardless of what religion one follows, God is inside each human heart through all the positive qualities and emotions that one possesses. All the emotions that one feels are God given, therefore the search to connect with him can be done through one’s reflection of their life and the choices they have made. God is everywhere, so in order to connect with Him; one can choose to worship his power and existence without involving any religious aspect to their relationship. One may choose to distance themselves from religion because they believe that indulging in it will restrict them from living their life on their own terms. Some people may choose to believe that what religious holy books teach, may tie them down to follow it faithfully. Moreover, if one decides to marry someone out of their religion, they may be accused of not being loyal enough to it. For example, Islam teaches that marrying outside of the religion is permitted only when the social and cultural values of Islam become the dominant values of the society, in which the man and the woman are living in. Therefore, if a Muslim man were to marry a Hindu girl, the girl would have to give up her religion and devote herself to her spouse’s religion. People would rather choose to believe that God accepts the union of every man and woman regardless of their race or color, because love is above all. Some people do not agree with these societal boundaries that are created by the difference of religion and that is why they choose to distance themselves from it. Some people may believe that religion is being misused in today’s time using the name of God. People who are currently having a bad phase in their life may be lured into false promises by priests of their religion that they can solve all their problems in their life and regain happiness if they conduct religious prayer ceremonies to â€Å"appease† the Lord. Furthermore, it can be believed that people often fear God and because of this, they believe that priests and vicars are living the right kind of life that is free of sin, a one that God would want them to. So, they become misguided and donate to these priests in hopes that that will be included as a genuine good deed and that God will be happy with them. As L. Ron Hubbard had once said, â€Å"If you want to make a little money, write a book. If you want to make a lot of money, create a religion† (Hubbard, 2012). Religion is supposed to be sacred and considered a logical explanation of how God and the world came to be, although it has been made a mockery of in today’s society. Every year, people donate hundreds of dollars to religious institutions, unaware of where their hard earned money is really going. Therefore, some people choose to not involve themselves with these religious gimmicks and choose to practice their own religion, which is their personal relationship with God. Religion is not the only pathway that leads to the divine mystery we label as God, the Creator of Everything. Due to all the hatred, ignorance, and enmity that religion has caused amongst humans, some people believe to label their religion as just humanity. This religion does not have boundaries and restrictions, instead, it teaches everyone to love and respect one another. One can still believe in God without any involvement of religion. This is possible when people believe in searching for God through themselves, keeping away from religion because they do not want to be tied down by religious ideals, and by refraining from practicing religion due to one’s belief that the name of religion is misused in today’s time using God. How to cite Can One Be Non-Religious but Still Believe in God, Papers

Sunday, December 8, 2019

Working for Large Companies or Running Your Own Business free essay sample

Working For Large Companies Or Running Your Own Business Some people show special interest in working for a large company, while others are more willing to run their own business. Of course, every individual has his own opinion about the strengths and weakness when it comes to serving in a big firm or managing his own business. For me, my choice is to work for a large company. In a large company, I could own a step-by-step process from starting at an entry-level position to working myself up to the top. I could start in the mailroom and, once I know the company, can apply for a managerial position. Basic work to the whole career development is what a solid foundation to a tall building. Whereas running my own company won’t allow me to have this gradual process but compel me to face all the challenges at the very beginning, which most likely leads to failure. We will write a custom essay sample on Working for Large Companies or Running Your Own Business or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page In terms of risks, there is another advantage of working in a large company, that is, having others share the risks. Whatever happens, I needn’t take full responsibility on my own. However in the case of running my own business, I won’t be so lucky in the fierce business competition. There are lots of benefits of working in a big firm that I haven’t mentioned, such as security in retirement, free career training, etc. Of course, choosing to run my own business also has advantages to some extent. For example, it will offer the enjoyment of start-up and make a company run totally under my business philosophy. But obviously what I’ve listed above overwhelms the advantages of starting an undertaking. Therefore, it’s more likely to own a brilliant future to work in a large company. 07300180074 Working For a Large Company or Running Your Own Business Working is a pleasant thing, and society can not develop without working. But whether we should work for a large company or run our own business? For many people it is hard to decide. In fact, a large company can guarantee a steady job, which makes staff feel safe. They work regularly and relax themselves on weekends. Since a large company has a firm establishment, staff there can achieve many opportunities to learn and grow, thus developing their working ability. Other people prefer to run their own business.